ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the phytochemical and biological properties (antioxidant, anthelmintic and thrombolytic) of methanolic extracts of Enhydra fluctuans Lour., a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Methods:The phytochemical evaluation was carried out by qualitative analysis. In vitro antioxidant activity of extract was studied using free radical scavenging assay, ability of reduction, total phenol and total flavonoid contents determination assays. The anthelmintic activity was determined using paralysis and death time of Pheretima posthuma (earthworm) and thrombolytic activity by clot disruption assay. Results:The phytochemical evaluation showed significant presence of flavonoids, triterpenes,carbohydrate, reducing sugars, saponins, phenols, diterpenes, protein and tannin. The antioxidant activity was found significant [IC50=(135.20±0.56) μg/mL] as compared to ascorbic acid [(130.00±0.76) μg/mL]. The reducing power was increased with concentration. Total phenol and total flavonoid contents were (153.08±0.38) mg/mL and (172.04±0.56) mg/mL respectively. The paralysis and death time of earthworms for different concentrations of extract were determined and compared with albendazole. The results showed that 10 mg/mL of the crude extract had similar effect with albendazole. Additionally, the crude extract showed a concentration depended relationship with its anthelmintic property. The clot lysis activity of crude extract was compared to the standard streptokinase’s clot lysis (40.13%) activity and found significant (31%). Conclusions: The study proves that the crude methanolic extract of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. has significant antioxidant, anthelmintic and thrombolytic activity containing wide range of phytochemicals.
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to investigate the phytochemical screening, the free radical scavenging activity and to determine the total phenolic content of methanolic extract and different solvent soluble fractions of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. (Oxalidiaceae) fruits. The free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by analyzing the bleaching rate of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and total phenolic content was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, which results were expressed in gallic acid equivalent (mg of GAE/g of sample). The phytochemical screening revealed the potent source of different phytochemical constituents on different extractives including, phenol, flavonoid, tannin that are responsible for antioxidant action. In the determination of total phenolic content, different extractives showed a significant content of phenolic compounds ranging from 50.23-68.67 mg of GAE/g of extractive. The plant sample displayed significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with highest IC50 value in crude methanolic extract (30.365 μg/ml) followed by chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, pet-ether and aqueous soluble fractions having value of 32.852 μg/ml, 36.708 μg/ml, 50.35 μg/ml, and 79.918 μg/ml, respectively as opposed to that of the scavenging effects of BHT of 19.656 μg/ml.
ABSTRACT
The crude methanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. (Oxalidiaceae) fruits and its different fractions have been investigated for the evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic potential. The dried and powder fruits were extracted with methanol at room temperature and the concentrated methanolic extract was fractionated by the modified Kupchan partitioning method to provide pet-ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions. Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay was used to investigate the cytotoxic potential of A. bilimbi. Compared to vincristine sulfate (with LC50 of 0.839 μg/ml) methanolic extract, carbon tetrachloride and pet-ether soluble fractions demonstrated a significant cytotoxic potential (having LC50 of 0.005μg/ml, 1.198μg/ml and 0.781μg/ml, respectively). The LC50 values of chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions were 5.691μg/ml and 6.123μg/ml, respective-ly. This study reveals that A. bilimbi possesses effective cytotoxic properties and hence can be a potential source for the isolation of active principle(s) for cancer therapy.
ABSTRACT
The crude methanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. (Oxalidiaceae) fruits and its different fractions have been investigated for the evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic potential. The dried and powder fruits were extracted with methanol at room temperature and the concentrated methanolic extract was fractionated by the modified Kupchan partitioning method to provide pet-ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions. Brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay was used to investigate the cytotoxic potential of A. bilimbi. Compared to vincristine sulfate (with LC50 of 0.839 μg/ml) methanolic extract, carbon tetrachloride and pet-ether soluble fractions demonstrated a significant cytotoxic potential (having LC50 of 0.005μg/ml, 1.198μg/ml and 0.781μg/ml, respectively). The LC50 values of chloroform and aqueous soluble fractions were 5.691μg/ml and 6.123μg/ml, respective-ly. This study reveals that A. bilimbi possesses effective cytotoxic properties and hence can be a potential source for the isolation of active principle(s) for cancer therapy.
ABSTRACT
The results of antinociceptive and toxicological studies on the ethanol extract of the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Rutaceae, are reported. The extract (250 and 500 mg/kg dosages) was found to produce a profound antinociceptive activity in a dose dependent manner. The extract showed considerable brine shrimp toxicity (LD50 = 32 μg/mL).
Os resultados dos estudos de atividade antinociceptiva e toxicológicos do extrato etanólico de Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Rutaceae são relatados. O extrato (nas doses de 250 e 500 mg/kg) produziu um alta atividade antinociceptiva na forma dose-dependente. O extrato também mostrou considerável toxicidade no teste de Artemia salina (DL50 = 32 μg/mL).